What does a soil amendment do?

A soil amendment primarily improves soil structure, drainage, and fertility, making it the most beneficial option for enhancing soil health and productivity. Soil amendments are materials added to soil to alter its physical, chemical, or biological properties. For instance, organic amendments like compost enrich the soil with nutrients, while also increasing its ability to retain moisture and improve aeration. This creates an optimal environment for plant roots, fostering healthy growth and better nutrient uptake.

The other options do not accurately represent the role of a soil amendment. While pest control measures might involve certain treatments, they are not the primary purpose of soil amendments. Similarly, ensuring plants receive enough sunlight is related to site selection and planting design rather than soil amendment. Lastly, increasing soil toxicity would be detrimental to plant growth and soil health, which is contrary to the goal of applying soil amendments.