What does hardscaping in landscaping refer to?

Hardscaping in landscaping specifically refers to the incorporation of non-plant elements within the landscape design. This includes materials like stone, brick, concrete, wood, and metal, which are used to create pathways, patios, walls, and other structural features. Hardscaping plays a crucial role in defining spaces, providing functionality, and adding aesthetic value to outdoor areas.

By focusing on non-plant materials, hardscaping complements the softscaping elements—like trees, shrubs, and flowers—by offering contrast and structure. It can enhance the usability of outdoor spaces, making them more accessible and enjoyable. For example, a well-designed patio allows for outdoor entertaining, while pathways improve movement through a garden.

In contrast, options that refer to the use of trees and shrubs, the incorporation of water features, or the introduction of soil amendments pertain to the softscaping aspects of landscaping. While these elements play an essential role in creating a complete landscape, they do not fall under the definition of hardscaping.