What is considered to be "flatwork" when working concrete?

Flatwork refers to horizontal surfaces constructed from concrete, and the term typically encompasses items such as driveways, sidewalks, patios, and floors. These surfaces are generally finished to be level, providing a stable area for use and functionality.

In the context of the provided question, the correct answer identifies driveway or sidewalk as flatwork. Both are prime examples of horizontal poured surfaces intended for pedestrian and vehicular traffic. Flatwork requires specific techniques for proper mixing, pouring, finishing, and curing of concrete to ensure durability and a smooth finish.

In contrast, foundation work involves vertical or angled structures designed to support a building, which does not fall under the category of flatwork. Wall framing pertains to the construction of walls and is also not considered flatwork, as it typically involves vertical elements rather than flat surfaces. Retention basins, while they may involve some flat surfaces at the top, are primarily designed to control stormwater runoff and are not classified as flatwork in the conventional sense.

Understanding these distinctions helps clarify what constitutes flatwork and emphasizes its importance in landscaping and concrete work.