What is the purpose of mulch in landscaping?

The purpose of mulch in landscaping primarily revolves around its ability to retain soil moisture and insulate plant roots. When mulch is applied to the surface of the soil, it creates a barrier that reduces evaporation, helping to keep the soil beneath it moist for longer periods. This is particularly beneficial during hot, dry weather, as it minimizes the need for frequent watering, conserving both water and energy.

Additionally, mulch serves as insulation for the roots of plants. By moderating soil temperatures, it helps protect plants from extreme heat in the summer and cold in the winter, effectively providing a more stable environment for growth. This can lead to healthier plants that are better equipped to withstand environmental stressors.

While the other options may touch on aspects related to landscaping, they do not accurately reflect the primary benefits of mulch. For example, mulch does not promote weed growth; rather, it suppresses it. It also does not compact the soil, which can hinder water and root penetration, nor is one of its primary purposes to increase soil temperature, since too much heat can be detrimental to root systems. Thus, the primary role of mulch is accurately captured by its ability to retain moisture and insulate roots.