Which layer of soil is known to be the uppermost and rich in organic material?

The uppermost layer of soil, known as topsoil, is vital for plant growth because it is rich in organic material, nutrients, and microorganisms that contribute to soil fertility. This layer typically has a darker color due to the accumulation of decomposed organic matter, known as humus, which enhances its capacity to retain moisture and support biodiversity. The presence of organic material in topsoil is crucial for anchoring plants and providing them with the essential nutrients needed for healthy growth.

Topsoil serves as the primary layer where seed germination occurs and plant roots extend, making it indispensable in agricultural practices, landscaping, and natural ecosystems. Understanding the significance of topsoil helps in various landscaping activities, as it is the layer that needs to be preserved and managed to ensure sustainable and productive landscapes.