Which type of irrigation system delivers water directly to the base of the plant?

Drip irrigation is designed specifically to deliver water directly to the base of the plants, providing a highly efficient way of supplying moisture to the root zone. This method uses a network of plastic tubing and emitters to release water drop by drop, ensuring that the plants receive the right amount of water without excess that could lead to runoff or evaporation. This precision also helps to minimize water waste and encourages healthy root development, making it an ideal choice for various types of landscapes and agricultural applications.

In contrast, surface irrigation distributes water over the soil surface and relies on gravity to move it toward the plant roots, which may result in uneven distribution and potential water loss through evaporation. Sprinkler irrigation sprays water into the air, allowing it to fall like rain, which while effective, does not target the roots as directly as drip irrigation. Subsurface irrigation involves placing water delivery systems below the soil surface, which can help reduce evaporation losses but may not be as precise in targeting water at the plant base as drip irrigation.