Why is proper spacing important when planting trees and shrubs?

Proper spacing when planting trees and shrubs is crucial primarily because it ensures healthy growth and access to sunlight. Each plant species has its own specific requirements for sunlight, water, and nutrients. When trees and shrubs are planted too closely together, their canopy may overlap, restricting the amount of sunlight that each plant receives. This can lead to poor growth, as the plants may struggle to thrive in lower light conditions.

Additionally, adequate spacing allows for better air circulation around the plants, which can prevent the development of disease and promote healthier foliage. This spacing is essential not only for the physical health of the plants but also for their overall structure and longevity.

While aesthetic value, competition between plant species, and soil moisture retention are significant considerations in landscaping, the primary factor directly influencing plant health in this context is the access to sunlight and space required for each plant to grow optimally.